ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib was a cousin, son-in-law and companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He ruled as the fourth rightly guided caliph from 656 until his assassination in 661. He is also one of the central figures in Shia Islam, being regarded as the rightful immediate successor to Muhammad and the first Imam by …

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Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad al-Ṣādiq, commonly known as Ja'far al-Ṣādiq, was an 8th-century Muslim scholar. He was the 6th Imam and founder of the Ja'fari school of jurisprudence according to Twelver and Isma'ili Shi'ites. He is also important to Sunnis as a teacher to the Sunni scholars Abu Hanifah and Malik ibn Anas and as a …

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